下面是小编为大家整理的2022年上海民远职业技术学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）（2022年）,供大家参考。
1
2022 年上海民远职业技术学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）
第 第 1 题【单选题】
【完成句子】Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understood. Typically, positive charges（正电荷）
build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged（负电荷的）. In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the ground’s surfaces, making it become positively charged. The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated points.In most cases of cloud-to-ground lightning, the ground’s surface__________.
A、is positively charged
B、is shifted sideways by strong winds
C、is negative charged
D、is changed from positively charge to negative charge
【正确答案】A
【答案解析】本段文字解释了云层与地面之间的闪电的成因，云层下部带负电荷，排斥地面表层的负电荷，所以地面表层聚集的是正电荷。答案为 A。
第 第 2 题【单选题】
【完成句子】Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understood. Typically, positive charges（正电荷）
build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged（负电荷的）. In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the ground’s surfaces, making it become positively charged. The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated points.In most cases of cloud-to-ground lightning, the ground’s surface__________.
2
A、is positively charged
B、is shifted sideways by strong winds
C、is negative charged
D、is changed from positively charge to negative charge
【正确答案】A
【答案解析】本段文字解释了云层与地面之间的闪电的成因，云层下部带负电荷，排斥地面表层的负电荷，所以地面表层聚集的是正电荷。答案为 A。
第 第 3 题【单选题】
【阅读选择】Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enough scientists to observe all of them, they"re asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest — birds, trees, flowers budding, etc, and send their observations to a giant database to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat, citizen scientists are ready for the conditions where they live. All that"s needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it in.In “All that"s needed to become one... (paragraph 2) ”, what does the word “one” stands for ?
A、a citizen journalist
B、a citizen scientist
C、a scientist
D、a citizen
【正确答案】B
【答案解析】one 不仅是数词也是代词；代词指代的名词或句子一般出现在代词的前一句，要注意区分代词单、复数。
3 第 第 4 题【单选题 】
【概括大意】
It is often thought that science fiction is a fairly new development in literature, but its ancestors can be found in books written hundreds of years ago. These books were often concerned with the presentation of some form of ideal society, a theme which is still often found in modern stories.The main idea of this paragraph is__________.
A、Science Fiction is a Fairly New Development in Literature
B、Origins of Science Fiction
C、The Theme of Science Fiction
D、Science Fiction Has a Short History
【正确答案】B
【答案解析】从第一段话可以看出这段文字介绍了科普小说的起源。因此选择 B。
第 第 5 题【单选题】
【2009.01】Children have a natural_______about the world around them.
A、certainty
B、capability
C、cleverness
D、curiosity
【正确答案】D
【答案解析】句意：孩子们对他们周围的事物有着天然的好奇心。考查名词词义选择。A 确定性，肯定的事；B 能力，才能；C 精明，聪颖；D 好奇心，求知欲。
第 第 6 题【单选题】
【2008.04】Anxiety can ____ with children’s performance at school.
A、refer
B、prefer
4
C、infer
D、interfere
【正确答案】D
【答案解析】本题考查词语辨析。句子翻译为：焦虑可以妨碍孩子们在学校的表现。
A . refer to
提到、查阅、涉及；B.
prefer to 更喜欢； C.
infer from（根据某事）推断、推定；
D.
interfere with 扰乱、妨碍。
第 第 7 题【单选题】
【2009.7】The house was quiet in the night, _______ the occasional coughing from my throat.
A、as for
B、such as
C、instead of
D、except for
【正确答案】D
【答案解析】本题考查短语意义区分。译文：除了偶尔我咳嗽一下以外，这所房子在夜晚非常安静。A 至于，关于； B 例如；C 代替，而不是；D 除了……以外
第 第 8 题【单选题】
【概括大意】They always complained（抱怨）
more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways. They also blamed that their parents always have a final say. And the young felt that their parents do not trust their children to deal with crises. Besides, they dissatisfied too much murmurs of their parents about certain problems and the lack of sense of humor in dealing with the problems, at least in parents-children relationships.The main idea of this paragraph is__________.
A、The criticisms to their parents can be kept out of the young people’s mind in following ways.
B、It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to
5 blame them for most of the misunderstanding between them.
C、There are so many criticism to their parents among the young people.
D、Young people have gotten enough reasons to criticize their parents.
【正确答案】C
【答案解析】本题段落中的各句列举了年轻人都抱怨其父母些什么，谈的是 what are the criticisms?的问题因此选择 C。
第 第 9 题【单选题】
【2010.04】In order to follow fashions, the girl has to ______ great discomforts.
A、catch up with
B、put up with
C、keep up with
D、fall in with
【正确答案】B
【答案解析】本题考查短语辨析。【译文】为了跟随时尚，这个女孩不得不忍受极度地不舒适。put up with：忍受。catch up with：追上，赶上。keep up with：和...保持联系。fall in with：偶然遇到，赞同。
第 第 10 题【单选题】
What he had done is _______．
A、value
B、of valuable
C、of no value
D、of no valuable
【正确答案】C
【答案解析】of+n=adj，可以作表语。of no value：没有一点价值。value 是名词，不能作表语，也不能形容主语的性质。B 和 D 都是 of+adj 的结构，是错误的。
第 第 11 题【单选题】
6 【2009.04】It is not decided ______ the conference will be held.
A、what
B、which
C、when
D、that
【正确答案】C
【答案解析】本题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：大会什么时候召开还没有决定。详细解答：A 什么；B 哪一个；C 什么时候；D （无词义）。
第 第 12 题【单选题】
【阅读判断】Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency. This is partly due to the biased thinking that women are weak on national security, though they might be strong on education and health care. This damages their prospects as a presidential contender.Q: One of Hillary’s campaign promises is to reform the nation’s health care system.
A、True
B、False
C、Not Given
【正确答案】C
【答案解析】答案选 C。问题句说“Hillary 的一个竞选承诺是改革国家的医疗制度。”而本段只是说“女人做教育和医疗方面的工作有优势”，没有说 Hillary 的一个竞选承诺式改革国家的医疗制度，因此问题句的信息在文章中没有被提到。
第 第 13 题【单选题】
【填句补文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other people’s cigarettes．________. The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53，000 people die in the United States each year as a result of
7 exposure to secondhand smoke.
A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.
B、In the United States，nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.
C、This smoke is called secondhand smoke.
D、No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.
【正确答案】C
【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首选对此烟加以定义的句子。
第 第 14 题【单选题】
【概括大意】
It is often thought that science fiction is a fairly new development in literature, but its ancestors can be found in books written hundreds of years ago. These books were often concerned with the presentation of some form of ideal society, a theme which is still often found in modern stories.The main idea of this paragraph is__________.
A、Science Fiction is a Fairly New Development in Literature
B、Origins of Science Fiction
C、The Theme of Science Fiction
D、Science Fiction Has a Short History
【正确答案】B
【答案解析】从第一段话可以看出这段文字介绍了科普小说的起源。因此选择 B。
第 第 15 题【单选题】
【阅读判断】People living north of the mountain heard a loud boom that shook their windows, and airline pilots flying near the volcano soon afterwards described a thick black column of ash and steam shooting more than 2,100 meters into the sky.Q: Pilots flying at the height of more than 2,100 meters saw a thick black column of ash
8 and steam shooting up into the air from the crater.
A、True
B、False
C、Not Given
【正确答案】B
【答案解析】答案选 B。该题说的是: 飞行员飞行的高度超过 2100 米时，看见一个黑色的火山灰和蒸汽从火山口急速上升到空气中。但是，文章中 airline pilots flying near the volcano soon afterwards described a thick black column of ash and steam shooting more than 2,100 meters into the sky.说的是靠近火山的地方出现了一个黑色的火山灰和蒸汽上升到空气中，其高度超过 2100 米。因此该命题是错误的。
第 第 16 题【单选题】
【完成句子】Americans eat with knives and forks; Japanese eat with chopsticks. Americans say "Hi" when they meet; Japanese bow. Many American men open doors for women; Japanese men do not. On the surface, it appears that good manners in America are not good manners in Japan, and in a way this is true. But in any country, the only manners that are important are those involving one person’s behavior toward another person. In all countries it is good manners to behave considerately toward others and bad manners not to. It is only the way of...