下面是小编为大家整理的2020年世界城市报告：城市是从新冠危,机中恢复和全球经济复苏关键【优秀范文】,供大家参考。
Se cre tary
Gen er al" s F ore w ord
António
Guterr es Secr etar y-General
of
the
United
Nations
The
CO VID-19
pandemic
has
disrupte d
lives
and e c onomies
ar ound
the
world.
The
social
and
e c onomic fallout
is
r eversing
development
g ains,
and
global
poverty is
expe cted
to
incr ease
for
the
first
time
in
thr ee
de c ades.
Cities
ha ve
borne
the
brunt
of
the
pandemic.
U rban
ar eas ar e
alr e ady
home
to
55
per
c ent
of
the
world’ s
population, and
that
figur e
is
expe cted
to
gr ow
to
68
per
c ent
by
2050. Our r apidly
urbanizing
world
must
respond
effectively
to this
pandemic
and
pr epar e
for
futur e
infe ctious
dise ase outbr e aks.
The
most
vulnerable
to
dise ase
ar e
those
living
on
the mar gins
of
our
cities.
U nplanne d
urban
living
le a ves pe ople
vulner able.
The
CO VID-19
pandemic
has
expose d deep
inequalities
and
demonstr ate d
that
tackling
the virus
is
mor e
challenging
in
urban
ar e as,
wher e
ac c es s
to quality
he althc ar e
is
uneven,
housing
inadequate,
w ater and
sanitation
lacking,
tr ansport
infr astructur e
patchy
and jobs
pr e c arious.
W e
c annot
g o
back
to
busines s
as
usual.
Cities
and c ommunities
ar e
demanding
that
those
in
authority
tak e the
opportunity
to
build
back
better .
T o
emerg e
str ong er , we
ne e d
a
sustainable,
inclusive
and
gr e en
r e c overy
for pe ople
and
the
planet.
That
me ans
de aling
with
the existing
challeng es
of
how
cities
ar e
planne d,
manag e d
and financ e d,
and
ensuring
their
development
is
c ompatible with
the
g oal
of
net
zer o
emissions
by
2050.
W ith
appropriate
policies
and
supportive
fr ameworks, r esilient
cities
with
impr ove d
housing
and
infr astructur e c an
bounc e
back
fr om
the
dev astating
impacts
of
disasters, including
pandemics.
The
Sustainable
D evelopment
Goals and
the
New
U rban
Ag enda
provide
the
blueprint
to implement
these
me asures.
The
World
Cities
R eport
2020
r e affirms
that
sustaina urbanization
remains
c entral
to
over all
sustainable development
by
cr e ating
e conomic,
social
and
environmental value
that
supports
the
fight
ag ainst
poverty ,
inequality , climate
chang e
and
other
global
challeng es.
This
simple but
powerful
mes sag e
should
guide
development
efforts as
the
world
r e c overs
fr om
the
CO VID-19
pandemic
and thr oughout
the
D e c ade
of
Action
to
achieve
the
Sustainable D evelopment
Goals.
Ex e cu ti v e
Dire ct or’s In trodu ction
M AIMUNAH
MOHD
SHARIF
Under-Secr etar y-General
and Ex ecutiv e
Dir ector
of
UN-Habitat
In
a
span
of
a
few
months,
our
world
has
been
tr ansforme d in
a
manner
that
none
of
us
anticipate d.
The
novel c orona virus
pandemic
trigg er e d
the
worst
public
he alth crisis
in
a
c entury
and
we
ar e
now
living
thr ough
the
worst e c onomic
r e c es sion
sinc e
the
Gr e at
D epr es sion.
W ith over
90
per
c ent
of
c onfirmed
c ases
c oming
fr om
urban ar e as,
cities
r emain
the
epicentr es
of
CO VID-19.
In
our r apidly
urbanizing
and
globalize d
world,
the
virus
has spr e ad
to
virtually
every
c orner
of
the
globe;
first,
among globally
c onne cted
cities,
and
now ,
thr ough
c ommunity tr ansmis sion,
fr om
the
city
to
the
c ountryside.
CO VID-19
has
expose d
and
exacerbate d
underlying inequalities
in
cities.
The
poor
ar e
the
most
vulnerable and
the
most
lik ely
to
die
fr om
the
dise ase.
Informal work ers
dependent
on
daily
wag es
ha ve
been
deprive d
of their
livelihoods.
Childr en
without
internet
ac c es s
ha ve lost
a
ye ar
of
formal
e ducation.
Elderly
persons,
facing risk
and
stigmatization,
ar e
c onfined
to
their
homes
with no
opportunities
for
social
interaction.
Migr ant
work ers r eturn
home
after
grueling
journeys
to
fac e
a
futur e
of poverty .
Others
ar e
c onfined
to
dormitories
with
high exposur e
to
the
dise ase.
Minority
gr oups
ha ve
also
been disproportionately
affe cte d.
W omen
wer e
for c e d
to
juggle childc ar e,
e ducation
and
work
without
ac c es s
to
schools and
dayc ar e
servic es.
Es sential
work ers
c ontinue
to
toil tir elessly
and
at
gr e at
personal
risk
to
ensur e
that
our
urban servic es
function
uninterrupte d.
Above
all,
CO VID-19 is
r eversing
the
g ains
made
in
poverty
er adication
and
is pushing
back
the
pos sibility
of
attaining
the
Sustainable D evelopment
Goals
by
at
least
a
de c ade
if
not
mor e.
In
the
midst
of
all
this
gloom,
urban
ar eas
offer
a
glimmer
of hope
as
cities
and
fr ontline
agencies
ha ve
a
k ey
role
to
pla y in
turning
this
grim
situation
ar ound.
The
W orld
Cities R eport
2020
mak es
the
c ase
that
cities
r emain
c entral
to
Urbanization should not
be
at
the expense of
rural dev elopment. In fact,
both
should be
symbiotic
and
mutually
enhancing
the
sustainable
development
tr aje ctory .
The
Sustainabl D evelopment
Goals,
and
particularly
Goal
11,
r e c ognize the
tr ansformative
role
that
cities
c
pla y .
CO VID-19 brings
to
the
for efr ont
how
effective
and
es sentially
loc al g overnments
and
c ommunities
ar e
to
the
r e c overy
pr oc es s. The
New
U rban
Ag enda
mak es
the
c ase
for
the
value
of sustainable
urbanization,
or
how
pe ople
choosing
to
mak e their
lives
in
cities
c an
c ontribute
to
e c onomic
pr osperity , environmental
quality ,
social
e quity
and
str engthene d
civic and
cultur al
institutions.
U rbanization
is
es sential
to
the global
efforts
to
build
back
better
and
to
tr ansition
to sustainable
development.
CO VID-19
will
not
r everse
urbanization.
The
primal
drive to
c ongr eg ate
in
cities
and
towns
in
pursuit
of
aspir ations and
a
better
life
will
c tinue.
But
we
ha ve
a
chanc e
to mak e
this
agglomer ation
pr oc es s
mor e
inclusive,
with a
cle ar
focus
on
our
c ollective
wellbeing.
T o
harnes s
th tr ansformative
powers
of
urbanization
tow ards
sustainable development,
we
ne e d
effective
planning,
management
and g overnanc e.
W e
also
ne e d
to
build
back
gr e ener .
Gr owth c annot
be
at
the
expense
of
the
envir onment.
The
W orld
Cities
R eport
2020
c onvincingly
affirms that
well-planne d,
manag e d,
and
financ e d
cities
and towns
cr e ate
e conomic,
social,
environmental
and
other unquantifiable
value
that
c an
v astly
impr ove
the
quality of
life
of
all.
U rbanization
c an
be
leverag e d
for
the
fight ag ainst
poverty ,
inequality ,
unemployment,
climate chang e
and
other
pr es sing
global
challeng es.
In
is
r eg ar d, sustainable
urbanization
c an
pla y
a
k ey
role
in
the
D e c ade of
Action
to
ac c eler ate
gr owth
and
shar e d
pr osperity
to adv anc e
the
achievement
of
the
SDGs by
2030.
Global
agendas
provide
c ompr ehensive,
multi-se ctor al and
multi-stak eholder
fr ameworks
for
unlocking
the value
inher ent
to
urbanization.
But
we
ne e d
to
do things
right
by
ensuring
that
cities
ar e
well-planne d, well-manag e d
and
with
sustaine d
financing.
F or
this
to happen,
national
g overnments
must
cr e ate
an
enabling envir onment
for
cities
to
thrive,
and
loc al
authorities must
seize
the
opportunities
given
to
them
to
flourish and
develop.
U rbanization
should
not
be
at
the
expense of
rur al
development.
In
fact,
both
should
be
symbiotic and
mutually
enhancing.
The
priv ate
se ctor
should
invest in
sustainable
development
proje cts,
deploying
innov ative ide as
for
affor dable
housing,
infr astructur e
and
clean technologies.
Civil
society
must
str engthen
institutions and
c ontribute
with
their
powers
of
imagination
to
b part
of
this
tr ansformative
pr oc es s
with
a
r enewe d
sens of
openness,
ticipation
and
c ommitment.
When
all
the interlocking
parts
operate
in
harmony
and
ar e
supporte d by
appropriate
institutions
and
policies,
cities
will
thrive and
their
value
will
be
enhanc e d
and
shar e d
by
all;
and
in the
pr oc es s,
no
one
and
no
plac e
will
be
left
behind.
A c kno w le d g e me n t s
A uthors:
UN-Habitat
Cor e T eam Christine
K nudsen
(Division
Dir ect or);
E duardo
Mor eno
(Head
of
Branch);
Ben
Arimah
(Chief
of
Unit
and
T ask Manager);
Ra ymond
Otieno
Otieno;
Ololade
Ogunsany a
A uthors:
External
Consultants
Godwin
Arku;
Remi
Jedwab;
V anesa
Castán
Br ot o;
Alfonso
Iracheta;
Jackie
Klopp;
E dgardo
Bilsky;
T omás Dentinho;
Da vid
Simon;
Ha yley
Leck
Statistical Annex
Rober t
Ndugwa;
Donatien
Beguy;
Julius
Majale;
Dennis
Mwaniki;
Daniel
Githira;
P auline
Masita;
E dwin
K ochulem
Contributors:
UN-Habitat
Staff
Raf
T uts;
Donatien
Beguy;
Rober t
Ndugwa;
Remy
Sietchiping;
Chris
Williams;
Marco
Kamiy a;
Ananda
W eliwita; Joel
Jer e;
John
Gituri
Mur eithi;
Lennar t
Fleck;
Hannes
Ber ggr en;
Stephanie
Gerr etsen;
Rober t
Lewis-Lettingt on, Anne
K...